The best time to plant Washington hawthorn in Oklahoma is very important for its success. In Oklahoma, this tree grows best in Zones 6a-7b. It likes soil with a pH of 6.0-7.2 and grows 13-24 inches per year if cared for well.
Oklahoma’s climate can be tricky, with hot summers, cold winters, and rain levels that vary across the state. Knowing the best time to plant Washington hawthorn in Oklahoma helps the tree grow faster, fight diseases better, and live longer. Experts say this can improve survival rates by up to 40%!
In this blog post, we will explore the best time to plant Washington hawthorn in Oklahoma, how planting time affects growth and survival, and tips to help your tree thrive.
What is Washington Hawthorn?
The Washington hawthorn is a lovely tree from the Rosaceae family. It is native to the Eastern U.S. and grows 25-30 feet tall. Its spread is 20-25 feet and grows 13-24 inches each year, reaching maturity in 10-15 years.
The leaves of the Washington hawthorn grow 1.5-3 inches long. They are deep green and glossy. Flowers bloom in May and June. They are 0.5-0.75 inches wide. The flowers are pure white to slightly pink. They bloom in clusters of 8-12 for 14-21 days.
In fall, bright red berries appear. The berries are 0.25-0.3 inches in size. They last for 120-150 days. The berries provide food for over 35 bird species.
It is perfect for Oklahoma. It handles heat, cold, and drought well. Once grown, it needs little care. It looks beautiful all year. Dense thorns make it great for hedges or privacy screens. It also supports wildlife and cleans the air.
Factors Influencing Planting Time in Oklahoma
Climate Considerations: Oklahoma has different hardiness zones that affect planting. The state is divided into Zones 6a, 6b, 7a, and 7b, and a small pocket of 8a, with each zone having different temperature ranges and growing seasons. Northern areas have a shorter growing season, while southern areas have a longer one, making planting times vary.
Temperature and Growth: Spring temperatures range from 60-75°F during the day and 40-50°F at night. Planting in this temperature range gives an 85% success rate. Fall is an even better time, with temperatures around 60-70°F during the day and 38-48°F at night. Fall planting can speed up root establishment by 40% and has a 92% survival rate.
Soil Characteristics: The type of soil in Oklahoma affects how well the Washington Hawthorn will grow. Eastern Oklahoma has Alfisols, which drain well, while Central and Western Oklahoma have Mollisols and Aridisols, which have different moisture and drainage properties. For optimal growth, the soil should drain at 1-2 inches per hour, and too much water or poor drainage can cause root rot.
Seasonal Soil Conditions: In spring, soil moisture is high, but it can be compacted, making it harder to work with. Fall soil is easier to manage, with lower moisture and lower compaction risks, making it the best time to plant.
Climate Change Effects: Over the past 30 years, Oklahoma has seen warmer temperatures and more extreme weather. As a result, planting times may shift. You might want to plant 7-10 days earlier in spring or 5-7 days later in fall to adjust for these changes. These shifts can improve planting success by 15-20%.
Microclimate Influences: Urban heat islands, where cities are warmer than surrounding areas, can extend the growing season by 5-10 days. Slope direction also matters; south-facing slopes are warmer, which can speed up growth, while north-facing slopes are cooler. Wind exposure and frost pockets can affect the tree’s growth rate and survival.
Best Time to Plant Washington Hawthorn in Oklahoma
The best times to plant Washington hawthorn in Oklahoma are early spring (March 15 to April 30) and fall (September 15 to October 31).
Fall vs. Spring Planting
Fall is often better, with a higher success rate of 93% compared to 78% in spring. In spring, warming soil and longer days help roots grow before summer heat. Fall planting is ideal because cooler weather reduces stress on the plant, and the soil stays warm enough for roots to develop.
Avoid Winter and Summer Planting
Avoid planting during winter (December-February) when the ground is too cold, or summer (June-August) when the heat causes transplant shock. Survival rates drop to 45% in winter and 35% in summer.
Local Variations
Depending on where you are in Oklahoma, the best planting times might shift by about a week due to local weather and climate differences.
Step-by-Step Guide to Planting Washington Hawthorn in Oklahoma
Choosing the Right Tree: Pick a healthy young tree, 1-2 years old, from a trusted nursery. Make sure the trunk is straight and free of damage. Check the roots—they should not be tangled or pot-bound. The tree should be 4-6 feet tall and free from pests or diseases.
Dig a Hole: Dig a hole 2-3 times wider than the root ball, about 24-36 inches wide. Keep the depth the same as the root ball’s height, around 18-24 inches, no deeper.
Test the soil to identify its needs. Adding 25-30% organic matter improves drainage and nutrient content.
Fill the Hole:Fill the hole using the soil you dug up. Start by filling it halfway, then water thoroughly to remove any air pockets. Finish filling the hole and press the soil gently to secure the tree.
Fertilizing and Watering: Apply a slow-release fertilizer, such as 10-10-10, at 1 pound per inch of the tree’s trunk. Before planting, water the hole with 15-20 gallons. This ensures the soil is moist and reduces stress on the tree.
Special Care in Oklahoma
Plant Washington hawthorn in spring or fall to avoid the stress of summer heat. Add extra mulch in winter to protect the roots from freezing temperatures. Keep an eye on the tree during high winds or storms, and prune as needed to maintain its shape and health.
With proper care and attention, your Washington hawthorn will thrive and bring beauty to your yard for many years to come!
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Common Mistakes to Avoid When Planting Washington Hawthorn
Planting Too Deep or Too Shallow: Planting the tree too deep can harm its roots and cause decay. Planting too shallow can leave roots exposed, making the tree weak and stressed.
Overwatering or Underwatering: Watering too much, especially in clay soil, can lead to root rot. Not watering enough during the first few weeks can cause the tree to dry out and its leaves to scorch.
Poor Location: Planting in too much shade reduces flowers and fruit. Picking a spot with bad drainage or too close to buildings or utilities can cause root problems and expensive fixes later.
Skipping Soil and Mulching Steps: Not checking the soil’s pH can hurt the tree’s growth. Mulching incorrectly, like piling it against the trunk, can cause rot. Skipping mulch completely can make the roots dry out and unhealthy.
Ongoing Care and Maintenance of Washington Hawthorn
Pruning & Seasonal Care
Pruning Schedule: Prune your Washington hawthorn in late winter (February) when the tree is dormant. This is the best time to remove dead or diseased branches and thin out the crown to improve air circulation. Always remember not to remove more than 25% of the live branches in one season.
In the summer, you can prune lightly to remove water sprouts and suckers. Be sure to use clean, sharp tools for all pruning tasks, and make cuts at a 45-degree angle just above a bud to encourage healthy growth.
Pest & Disease Management in Oklahoma
Cedar-Hawthorn Rust: This common disease causes orange spots on the leaves and fruit of your tree. To control it, apply a fungicide in early spring before symptoms appear. If possible, remove any nearby cedar trees, as they are a host for the rust. Be sure to rake up and dispose of any fallen leaves, as they can spread the disease.
Fire Blight: Fire Blight causes blackened leaves and curved branch tips. To manage this, prune the affected areas at least 12 inches below the damage to prevent further spread. Always sterilize your tools between cuts to avoid spreading the infection. You can also apply a copper-based fungicide during the dormant season to help protect the tree.
Aphids: Aphids can be controlled by spraying the tree with a strong stream of water to knock them off. You can also encourage beneficial insects like ladybugs to keep aphid populations in check. If the aphid infestation becomes severe, use insecticidal soap to eliminate them without harming the tree.
Fertilization & Watering Schedule
Watering: For trees over 3 years old, water deeply every 2-3 weeks during the growing season, providing about 1 inch of water each time. If the weather is dry, you may need to water more frequently. In the fall, reduce watering to prepare the tree for dormancy.
Fertilization: In early spring (March-April), apply a balanced 10-10-10 fertilizer to give the tree a healthy start. Use about 2 pounds of fertilizer per 1,000 square feet of the root zone. Avoid fertilizing during drought conditions or late summer, and skip fertilization if the tree is already growing well.
Benefits of Planting Washington Hawthorn in Oklahoma
Aesthetic Appeal & Landscape Enhancement
Washington hawthorn (Crataegus phaenopyrum) enhances your landscape year-round. In spring, it blooms with white flowers, while summer brings dark green leaves. In fall, the tree showcases vibrant orange to red foliage, and its red berries persist into winter, providing color when other plants are bare. The tree’s thorny branches add texture, making it a versatile choice for security hedges, privacy screens, or specimen trees. It grows 25-30 feet tall, perfect for marking boundaries.
Wildlife Benefits
This tree supports local wildlife, attracting bees, honeybees, and butterflies in spring. Its branches offer nesting spots for birds like cedar waxwings and robins, and its berries feed birds during winter.
Environmental Adaptability
Washington Hawthorn thrives in Oklahoma’s hot summers and cold winters. It’s drought-resistant and adapts to various soils, needing minimal water and fertilizer once established. It’s low-maintenance, disease-resistant, and can live over 50 years, making it a great choice for windbreaks, erosion control, and shade.
Conclusion
Planting Washington hawthorn in Oklahoma is easy if you plan well. The best times to plant are in fall and early spring when the weather is mild. Make sure to prepare the soil properly and care for the tree after planting. Pay attention to soil quality, watering, and pests to help your tree grow strong. With these tips, your Washington hawthorn will thrive and add beauty to your landscape. Happy planting!
FAQs
What is the best time to plant Washington hawthorn in Oklahoma?
The best time to plant Washington hawthorn in Oklahoma is either early spring (March to April) or late fall (September to October). These times offer cooler temperatures and consistent rainfall, helping the tree grow strong roots.
Can I plant Washington hawthorn in the summer?
No, it’s not recommended to plant Washington hawthorn in the summer. The hot weather can stress the tree, making it harder to establish its roots.
Is it okay to plant Washington hawthorn in the winter?
It’s best to avoid planting in winter, as the cold temperatures can damage the tree before it has time to settle in.
How do I know when the last frost has passed in spring?
You can check local weather forecasts or talk to local gardeners. Planting should happen after the last frost when the soil is warm enough for growth.
How deep should I plant a Washington hawthorn?
When planting, dig a hole that’s twice as wide as the root ball but no deeper than the root ball itself. This ensures the tree’s roots can spread easily.
Can Washington Hawthorn tolerate drought?
Yes, once established, Washington hawthorn is somewhat drought-tolerant. However, young trees need regular watering, especially during dry periods in their first year.
When is the best time to prune Washington hawthorn?
The best time to prune Washington hawthorn is late winter or early spring before new growth starts. Remove any dead or damaged branches to keep the tree healthy.
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